Medicines A–Z
Medicines A–Z — uses, side effects & precautions
Clear, plain-language guides to the medicines people search for — what they treat, how they work, common and serious side effects, interactions and who should take care. Informational only; no doses — your doctor or pharmacist sets those.
Queste informazioni hanno carattere puramente orientativo e non costituiscono un parere medico. Consulta sempre un professionista sanitario qualificato per problemi medici personali. In caso di emergenza, chiama il numero di emergenza locale.
5-HT3 receptor antagonist (anti-nausea / antiemetic)
ACE inhibitor (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor)
Aldosterone antagonist with anti-androgen effects (also a diuretic)
Analgesic / antipyretic (non-opioid pain and fever reliever)
Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)
Antacid / acid-neutraliser (some combined with alginate)
Anti-inflammatory / local analgesic (oromucosal)
Anti-inflammatory agent (anti-gout)
Antibacterial / antifungal ear preparation (acidifying)
Antibacterial / antiprotozoal (nitroimidazole)
Antibiotic (first-generation cephalosporin)
Antibiotic (fluoroquinolone)
Antibiotic (lincosamide)
Antibiotic (macrolide)
Antibiotic (penicillin combined with a beta-lactamase inhibitor)
Antibiotic (penicillin-class / aminopenicillin)
Antibiotic (penicillin, anti-staphylococcal)
Antibiotic (penicillin)
Antibiotic (second-generation cephalosporin)
Antibiotic (sulfonamide combination)
Antibiotic (tetracycline)
Antibiotic (third-generation cephalosporin, injectable)
Antibiotic (topical, for eyes)
Antibiotic (topical, for eyes/ears)
Antibiotic (used mainly for urinary infections)
Antibiotic and antiprotozoal (nitroimidazole)
Anticoagulant (direct oral anticoagulant / DOAC, direct thrombin inhibitor)
Anticoagulant (direct oral anticoagulant / DOAC, factor Xa inhibitor)
Anticoagulant (direct oral anticoagulant, DOAC / blood thinner)
Anticoagulant (injectable blood thinner)
Anticoagulant (low molecular weight heparin / injectable blood thinner)
Anticoagulant (vitamin K antagonist / blood thinner)
Anticonvulsant (anti-seizure)
Anticonvulsant (anti-seizure); mood stabiliser
Anticonvulsant / nerve-pain medicine (gabapentinoid) - a controlled medicine in some regions
Antidepressant (atypical / noradrenergic and specific serotonergic)
Antidepressant (NDRI - noradrenaline-dopamine reuptake inhibitor); smoking-cessation aid
Antidepressant (SNRI - serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor)
Antidepressant (SSRI - selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor)
Antidepressant (tricyclic)
Antidiabetic / alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
Antidiabetic / biguanide
Antidiabetic / DPP-4 inhibitor (gliptin)
Antidiabetic / GLP-1 receptor agonist
Antidiabetic / long-acting (basal) insulin
Antidiabetic / meglitinide (prandial insulin releaser)
Antidiabetic / rapid-acting (bolus) insulin
Antidiabetic / SGLT2 inhibitor (gliflozin)
Antidiabetic / short-acting and intermediate-acting insulin
Antidiabetic / sulfonylurea
Glibenclamide
Type 2 diabetes (to lower blood sugar when diet and other measures are not enough)
Gliclazide
Type 2 diabetes (to lower blood sugar when lifestyle measures or metformin alone are not enough)
Glimepiride
Type 2 diabetes (to improve blood sugar control, often alongside metformin or other treatments)
Antidiabetic / thiazolidinedione (glitazone)
Antidiarrhoeal (gut-motility slowing agent)
Antidiarrhoeal / gastrointestinal protectant
Antifibrinolytic (clot-stabilising medicine)
Antiflatulent (anti-gas / defoaming agent)
Antifungal (allylamine)
Antifungal (azole)
Antifungal (dermatophyte-specific)
Antifungal (imidazole)
Antifungal (polyene)
Antifungal (topical, imidazole)
Antifungal (topical/oral, polyene)
Antifungal (triazole)
Antihistamine (nasal spray / eye drop)
Antihistamine / mast-cell stabiliser (ophthalmic)
Antihistamine plus decongestant (ophthalmic)
Antimalarial (4-aminoquinoline); also used as an antirheumatic in some settings
Antimalarial (4-aminoquinoline); disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)
Antimalarial (8-aminoquinoline)
Antimalarial (antifolate combination)
Antimalarial (artemisinin derivative)
Antimalarial (artemisinin-based combination therapy, ACT)
Antimalarial (combination)
Antimalarial (quinoline-methanol)
Antimalarial (quinoline); also historically used for muscle cramps
Antiparasitic (anthelmintic for filarial worms)
Antiparasitic (anthelmintic for flukes and tapeworms)
Antiparasitic (anthelmintic)
Antiparasitic (antifolate antiprotozoal)
Antiparasitic (antiprotozoal)
Antiparasitic (avermectin anthelmintic and antiparasitic)
Antiparasitic (benzimidazole anthelmintic)
Antiparasitic (broad-spectrum antiprotozoal and anthelmintic)
Antiparasitic (topical pyrethroid for skin parasites)
Antiparasitic and antibacterial (aminoglycoside)
Antiplatelet (blood thinner)
Antiplatelet agent (blood thinner)
Antiplatelet agent (low-dose aspirin / blood thinner)
Antiplatelet agent (P2Y12 inhibitor / blood thinner)
Antiprotozoal and antibacterial (nitroimidazole)
Antipsychotic (atypical / second-generation)
Antiseptic (mild antimicrobial, ophthalmic)
Antispasmodic (antimuscarinic)
Antispasmodic (smooth-muscle relaxant)
Antithyroid medicine (thyroid hormone suppressant)
Antiviral (neuraminidase inhibitor)
Antiviral (nucleoside analogue prodrug)
Antiviral (nucleoside analogue)
Antiviral (nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor)
Antiviral (nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor)
Benzodiazepine (sedative / anxiolytic) - a controlled medicine
Beta blocker (cardioselective)
Beta blocker (with blood-vessel-relaxing action)
Biguanide (insulin-sensitising medicine)
Calcium channel blocker (dihydropyridine)
Calcium channel blocker (non-dihydropyridine)
Cardiac glycoside
Combined hormonal contraceptive (estrogen + progestogen)
Combined vitamin and mineral supplement
Corticosteroid (glucocorticoid), anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant
Corticosteroid (glucocorticoid), potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant
Dietary supplement / essential fatty acid
Dietary supplement / live microbial cultures
Dopamine antagonist / prokinetic (anti-nausea and gut-motility agent)
Ear-wax softener (cerumenolytic)
Emergency hormonal contraceptive
Fat-soluble vitamin / antioxidant supplement
Fat-soluble vitamin / supplement
First-generation (sedating) antihistamine (H1 receptor antagonist)
Glucose-raising hormone / emergency treatment for severe low blood sugar
H2-receptor antagonist (acid-reducer)
Inhaled / intranasal corticosteroid (preventer)
Intranasal / inhaled corticosteroid (preventer)
Iron supplement (treatment for iron-deficiency anaemia)
Leukotriene receptor antagonist (asthma preventer / anti-inflammatory)
Lipid-lowering agent (bile-acid sequestrant)
Lipid-lowering agent (cholesterol absorption inhibitor)
Lipid-lowering agent (fibrate)
Lipid-lowering agent (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor / statin)
Lipid-lowering agent (PCSK9 inhibitor, injectable monoclonal antibody)
Lipid-modifying agent (purified omega-3 fatty acid, EPA)
Local (topical) estrogen for vaginal and urinary symptoms
Local anaesthetic (topical and injectable)
Long-acting antimuscarinic (anticholinergic) bronchodilator (LAMA)
Long-acting beta-2 agonist (LABA) bronchodilator
Long-acting progestogen-only contraceptive (injectable)
Long-acting progestogen-only contraceptive (subdermal implant)
Long-acting progestogen-releasing intrauterine contraceptive
Loop diuretic (water pill)
Mast cell stabiliser (anti-allergy preventer)
Mast-cell stabiliser (ophthalmic anti-allergy)
Menopausal hormone replacement (estrogen, with progestogen if you have a womb)
Mineral / electrolyte supplement
Mineral / trace element supplement
Mineral supplement
Mineral supplement / trace element
Mood stabiliser
Mucosal protectant (ulcer-coating agent)
Nitrate (fast-acting vasodilator)
Nitrate (vasodilator)
Non-hormonal intrauterine contraceptive
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
Diclofenac
Pain and inflammation from arthritis (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis)
Ibuprofen
Pain such as headache, dental pain, period pain, muscle and joint pain, and back pain
Indomethacin
Acute gout attacks
Ketoprofen
Pain and inflammation from arthritis
Mefenamic acid
Period pain (painful menstruation)
Naproxen
Pain and inflammation from arthritis and other joint conditions
Piroxicam
Pain and inflammation from osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), COX-2 selective inhibitor
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), preferentially COX-2
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID); antiplatelet at low doses
Ocular lubricant (artificial tears)
Opioid analgesic (centrally acting), controlled medicine
Opioid analgesic; also used as a cough suppressant; controlled medicine
Osmotic laxative
Osmotic laxative (also used in liver disease)
Ovulation-stimulating medicine (fertility treatment)
Potassium-sparing diuretic / aldosterone antagonist
Progestogen (body-identical progesterone)
Progestogen (synthetic progesterone-like hormone)
Progestogen-only hormonal contraceptive
Proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
Rehydration therapy (electrolyte and glucose replacement)
Saline rinse / moisturiser (nasal and eye)
Second-generation (non-drowsy) antihistamine (H1 receptor antagonist)
Sedative-hypnotic (non-benzodiazepine 'Z-drug') - a controlled medicine in many regions
Short-acting antimuscarinic (anticholinergic) bronchodilator
Short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) bronchodilator (reliever inhaler)
Skin emollient / moisturizer
Statin (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor / cholesterol-lowering)
Stimulant laxative
Strong opioid analgesic, controlled medicine
Thiazide diuretic (water pill)
Thyroid hormone replacement
Topical acne and rosacea treatment
Topical acne treatment (keratolytic / antibacterial)
Topical analgesic (counter-irritant, from chilli peppers)
Topical analgesic / counter-irritant (rubefacient), salicylate
Topical antibacterial (for burns)
Topical antibiotic
Topical antifungal (allylamine)
Topical antifungal (azole)
Topical antihistamine
Topical antiparasitic (scabicide / pediculicide)
Topical antiseptic
Topical calcineurin inhibitor (non-steroid)
Topical corticosteroid (mild potency)
Topical decongestant / vasoconstrictor (ophthalmic)
Topical keratolytic
Topical keratolytic / antipruritic (for scaly skin)
Topical local anaesthetic
Topical nasal decongestant (sympathomimetic)
Topical retinoid
Topical soothing agent (antipruritic / skin protectant)
Vitamin supplement (B-group vitamin)
Water-soluble vitamin / supplement
Biotin
Treating and preventing biotin deficiency, which is uncommon
Thiamine
Treating and preventing thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency
Vitamin B Complex
Treating and preventing deficiencies of several B vitamins
Vitamin B12
Treating and preventing vitamin B12 deficiency
Vitamin C
Preventing and treating vitamin C deficiency (scurvy)