What it is used for
- HIV infection (as part of combination therapy)
- Chronic hepatitis B infection
How it works
Lamivudine blocks an enzyme (reverse transcriptase) that HIV and hepatitis B use to copy their genetic material, lowering the amount of virus in the body. It helps control these infections and protect the immune system or liver but does not cure them, so it is taken long term.
How it is taken
Available as tablets and an oral liquid/solution, and is often combined with other antivirals in a single pill. Take it exactly as your specialist directs, at the same time each day, and do not stop without advice, as hepatitis B can flare up if treatment ends abruptly. Attend the blood tests your clinician arranges.
No doses here on purpose. The right strength and schedule depend on you — only a doctor or pharmacist should set them. Always follow your prescription and the label.
Common side effects
- Headache
- Nausea
- Diarrhoea
- Tiredness
- Cough or nasal symptoms
Serious effects — get help
- A flare-up of hepatitis B if treatment is stopped suddenly
- Signs of lactic acidosis or liver problems (deep rapid breathing, severe tiredness, yellow skin or eyes)
- Inflammation of the pancreas (severe stomach pain spreading to the back)
- Severe allergic reaction
If a reaction is severe — for example trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or collapse — go to the nearest emergency room now or call your local emergency number. Do not wait for an online consultation.
Interactions to watch
- Some other antivirals, including those used for hepatitis or HIV
- Co-trimoxazole and certain other medicines
- Tell your specialist about every medicine you take
Who should take care
- Do not stop suddenly if you have hepatitis B, as the infection can rebound
- Tell your doctor about kidney problems, as the dose may need adjusting
- Liver and other blood tests are used to monitor treatment
- Use in pregnancy or breastfeeding only under specialist guidance