Overview
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that occur together, including increased waist size, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal cholesterol or fats in the blood. Having several of these together raises the risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. It is common and is identified through routine measurements and blood tests.
Symptoms
- Often no obvious symptoms on its own
- Increased waist circumference (excess fat around the middle)
- High blood pressure (may cause headaches in some)
- Raised blood sugar (may cause increased thirst or urination)
- Often discovered during a routine check-up
Causes & risk factors
- Insulin resistance
- Excess body weight, especially around the abdomen
- Physical inactivity
- Unhealthy diet
- Increasing age
- Family history of diabetes or metabolic disease
- Hormonal conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome
Treatment & self-care
Care generally centres on lifestyle changes such as healthier eating, regular physical activity, weight management, and not smoking, with treatment of individual components like blood pressure, blood sugar, or cholesterol as needed. A clinician assesses overall cardiovascular and diabetes risk and tailors a plan. Work with a licensed clinician for assessment and follow-up.
See a doctor urgently if
- You have a large waistline along with high blood pressure, high blood sugar, or abnormal cholesterol
- You have a family history of diabetes or heart disease and want a risk check
- Seek emergency care for chest pain, shortness of breath, or stroke symptoms such as face drooping or arm weakness