Genital herpes is caused by the herpes simplex virus and is very common. For most people it is a manageable condition rather than a dangerous one. After the first episode, which can be the most uncomfortable, recurrences typically become less frequent and milder over time.
The virus stays in the body for life and can reactivate, sometimes triggered by stress, illness or fatigue. It can also be passed to partners even when no sores are visible, though the risk is lower. Antiviral medicines, prescribed by a clinician, can shorten outbreaks and, taken regularly, reduce both their frequency and the chance of transmission.
Herpes is more serious in specific situations - for example during pregnancy or in people with weakened immune systems - so these need specialist input. If you have painful genital sores, a first suspected outbreak, or are pregnant with herpes, see a licensed doctor promptly for diagnosis and to discuss antiviral options and how to lower transmission risk.