Overview
Diverticula are small bulging pouches that can form in the wall of the large bowel, especially with age. When one or more become inflamed or infected, the condition is called diverticulitis. It typically causes pain in the lower left abdomen, often with fever. Most cases are mild, but complications such as abscess, perforation, or bleeding can occur and may need urgent care.
Symptoms
- Persistent pain, usually in the lower left abdomen
- Fever and feeling generally unwell
- Change in bowel habit (constipation or diarrhoea)
- Bloating
- Nausea
- Tenderness when the abdomen is pressed
- Rectal bleeding in some cases
Causes & risk factors
- Pouches (diverticula) in a weakened bowel wall becoming inflamed or infected
- Low-fibre diet over time
- Older age
- Obesity and physical inactivity
- Smoking
- Family history
- Certain medications affecting the gut
Treatment & self-care
Mild diverticulitis is often managed with rest, dietary adjustment, and clinician-guided treatment of infection, with most people recovering at home. More severe cases may need hospital care, drainage of an abscess, or surgery. Increasing dietary fibre between episodes can lower recurrence. A doctor should confirm the diagnosis with examination and imaging and direct treatment; do not self-diagnose abdominal pain with fever.
See a doctor urgently if
- You have ongoing lower abdominal pain with fever
- You have rectal bleeding
- You cannot keep fluids down due to vomiting
- Seek emergency care for severe spreading abdominal pain, a rigid abdomen, high fever, or signs of being very unwell (possible perforation or abscess)
This condition can be an emergency. If any of the signs above are severe or getting worse, go to the nearest emergency room now or call your local emergency number — do not wait for an online consultation.