Bones thin with age, especially after menopause, raising the risk of fractures. You can slow this by doing regular weight-bearing exercise such as walking and resistance or strength training, which stimulate bone, and balance work to reduce falls.
Nutrition matters: get enough calcium from diet where possible and maintain adequate vitamin D, which helps the body absorb calcium. A clinician can advise whether supplements are needed, since more is not always better. Avoiding smoking and excess alcohol also protects bone strength.
Screening with a bone-density (DEXA) scan is recommended for older women, often from around 65, and earlier for those with risk factors like early menopause, long-term steroid use, certain medical conditions, low body weight, or a family history of fractures. If a scan shows significant loss, a doctor may discuss bone-protecting medication. Ask whether and when screening is right for you.