What it is used for
- Moderate to moderately severe pain
- Pain not adequately controlled by non-opioid painkillers
- Some types of post-surgical or injury pain
- Certain chronic pain conditions, under specialist guidance
How it works
Tramadol acts on opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord to dampen pain signals, and also affects the brain chemicals serotonin and noradrenaline that influence pain perception.
How it is taken
Available as immediate-release and modified-release tablets and capsules, oral drops, and an injection in clinical settings. It is a controlled medicine and must be taken exactly as prescribed by your doctor — never more often or in higher amounts than directed. Swallow modified-release forms whole.
No doses here on purpose. The right strength and schedule depend on you — only a doctor or pharmacist should set them. Always follow your prescription and the label.
Common side effects
- Nausea and vomiting
- Dizziness or drowsiness
- Constipation
- Dry mouth, sweating or headache
Serious effects — get help
- Slow or shallow breathing (a medical emergency, especially with overdose, alcohol or other sedatives)
- Seizures
- Serotonin syndrome (agitation, fast heartbeat, high temperature, muscle twitching) if combined with certain medicines
- Serious allergic reaction
- Signs of dependence or withdrawal
If a reaction is severe — for example trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or collapse — go to the nearest emergency room now or call your local emergency number. Do not wait for an online consultation.
Interactions to watch
- Alcohol and other sedatives or sleeping tablets (dangerous breathing depression)
- Other opioids
- Antidepressants (SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs) and triptans (serotonin syndrome and seizure risk)
- Some medicines that affect how the liver processes tramadol
- Medicines that lower the seizure threshold
Who should take care
- Used only on prescription; it can cause dependence and is misused, so follow instructions exactly and do not share it
- Avoid alcohol while taking it
- Tell your doctor about epilepsy or seizures, breathing problems, mental health conditions, kidney or liver disease, and all other medicines
- Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding only if a doctor judges it necessary
- Do not stop suddenly after regular use without advice, to avoid withdrawal; seek urgent care for slow breathing or seizures