What it is used for
- Before and during early pregnancy to reduce the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida
- Treating or preventing certain types of anaemia (folate deficiency)
- Supporting people on some medicines that lower folate (such as methotrexate)
How it works
Folic acid is a B vitamin the body needs to make healthy red blood cells and DNA. In early pregnancy it helps the baby's brain and spinal cord develop properly.
How it is taken
Taken as a tablet, often once daily, and also found in many pregnancy multivitamins and fortified foods. The right strength differs depending on the reason for taking it, so take it exactly as your doctor, pharmacist, or the label directs.
No doses here on purpose. The right strength and schedule depend on you — only a doctor or pharmacist should set them. Always follow your prescription and the label.
Common side effects
- Usually very well tolerated
- Occasional mild stomach upset
- Loss of appetite
- Bloating
Serious effects — get help
- Signs of a serious allergic reaction (rash, swelling of the face or throat, difficulty breathing)
If a reaction is severe — for example trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or collapse — go to the nearest emergency room now or call your local emergency number. Do not wait for an online consultation.
Interactions to watch
- Some epilepsy medicines (folic acid may affect their levels and vice versa)
- Methotrexate and some other medicines interact with folate
- Tell your clinician about all medicines so the right dose is chosen
Who should take care
- If you have had a previous pregnancy affected by a neural tube defect, diabetes, a high body weight, or take certain medicines, you may need a higher strength, so ask your clinician
- Very high doses can mask vitamin B12 deficiency, so do not exceed advised amounts without guidance
- Start it before conception where possible for the best benefit