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Antiviral (nucleoside analogue prodrug)

Valaciclovir: uses, side effects & precautions

Also known as Valtrex, Valaciclovir.

Deze informatie is uitsluitend bedoeld als algemene richtlijn en vormt geen medisch advies. Raadpleeg altijd een gekwalificeerde zorgprofessional voor persoonlijke medische vragen. Bel in geval van nood uw lokale alarmnummer.

What it is used for

  • Cold sores (herpes labialis)
  • Genital herpes
  • Shingles (herpes zoster)
  • Prevention of recurrent herpes outbreaks
  • Reducing transmission of genital herpes

How it works

Valaciclovir is converted in the body into aciclovir, which blocks the enzyme herpes viruses use to copy their DNA. Because it is absorbed more efficiently, it can be taken less often than aciclovir. It controls the virus but does not clear it from the body.

How it is taken

Available as tablets taken by mouth. It works best when started as soon as symptoms appear. Take it exactly as your doctor, pharmacist, or the label directs, complete the full course, and keep well hydrated. Do not stop early just because symptoms improve.

No doses here on purpose. The right strength and schedule depend on you — only a doctor or pharmacist should set them. Always follow your prescription and the label.

Common side effects

  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Stomach pain
  • Dizziness
  • Tiredness
  • Diarrhoea

Serious effects — get help

  • Confusion, hallucinations, or unusual drowsiness
  • Signs of kidney problems (little or no urine, swelling, back pain)
  • Severe allergic reaction
  • Unusual bruising, bleeding, or signs of a blood disorder (especially in people with weakened immune systems)

If a reaction is severe — for example trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or collapse — go to the nearest emergency room now or call your local emergency number. Do not wait for an online consultation.

Interactions to watch

  • Medicines that affect the kidneys
  • Probenecid and cimetidine (can raise drug levels)
  • Some immunosuppressants such as mycophenolate
  • Inform your clinician of all medicines you take

Who should take care

  • Tell your doctor about kidney problems, as the dose may need adjusting
  • Use with caution in people with weakened immune systems
  • Stay well hydrated
  • Use in pregnancy or breastfeeding only on clinical advice
  • Older adults may need closer monitoring

Frequently asked questions

How is valaciclovir different from aciclovir?
Valaciclovir turns into aciclovir in the body but is absorbed better, so it can usually be taken fewer times per day. Your clinician chooses based on the infection and convenience.
Does it stop me passing herpes to my partner?
Taken regularly it can reduce the risk of passing genital herpes to a partner, but it does not remove the risk entirely. Condoms and avoiding contact during outbreaks still matter. Discuss prevention with your doctor.
Can I take it to prevent outbreaks?
Some people take it daily to reduce how often outbreaks happen. Only do this if your clinician has prescribed it for that purpose.
What if I miss a dose?
Take it when you remember unless it is almost time for the next dose. Do not double up. Check the label or ask your pharmacist.
Is Valaciclovir safe to take?
For most people it is safe when taken exactly as a doctor or pharmacist advises and as printed on the label. Tell your clinician about your other medicines and health conditions, and seek urgent care for any serious reaction.

Related conditions

Related medicines

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