Skip to content

Dopamine antagonist / prokinetic (anti-nausea and gut-motility agent)

Metoclopramide: uses, side effects & precautions

Also known as Reglan, Maxolon, Perinorm.

Deze informatie is uitsluitend bedoeld als algemene richtlijn en vormt geen medisch advies. Raadpleeg altijd een gekwalificeerde zorgprofessional voor persoonlijke medische vragen. Bel in geval van nood uw lokale alarmnummer.

What it is used for

  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Nausea linked to migraine
  • Helping the stomach empty (gastroparesis, in some cases)
  • Nausea and vomiting after surgery or with certain treatments

How it works

Metoclopramide blocks dopamine signals that trigger nausea and also helps the stomach and upper gut move their contents along, which together reduce nausea and vomiting and ease delayed stomach emptying.

How it is taken

Comes as tablets, oral liquid, and an injectable form. It is taken by mouth or given by injection. Because of side-effect risks, it is usually prescribed for short periods only; take it exactly as your clinician directs and do not use it for longer than advised.

No doses here on purpose. The right strength and schedule depend on you — only a doctor or pharmacist should set them. Always follow your prescription and the label.

Common side effects

  • Drowsiness or tiredness
  • Restlessness
  • Diarrhea
  • Feeling weak

Serious effects — get help

  • Uncontrolled movements of the face, tongue, or limbs (may be lasting)
  • Muscle stiffness, high fever, confusion (possible neuroleptic malignant syndrome)
  • Severe restlessness or agitation
  • Depression or mood changes
  • Irregular heartbeat
  • Severe allergic reaction

If a reaction is severe — for example trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or collapse — go to the nearest emergency room now or call your local emergency number. Do not wait for an online consultation.

Interactions to watch

  • Other medicines affecting dopamine (some antipsychotics, Parkinson's drugs)
  • Sedatives and alcohol (increased drowsiness)
  • Certain antidepressants (serotonin-related effects)
  • Medicines affecting heart rhythm

Who should take care

  • Generally limited to short-term use because of movement-disorder risk
  • Use with extra caution in children, young adults, and older people
  • Tell your clinician about Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, kidney or liver problems, or depression
  • Discuss pregnancy and breastfeeding with your clinician
  • Avoid alcohol, which adds to drowsiness

Frequently asked questions

Why is metoclopramide only used short-term?
Longer use raises the risk of movement disorders, some of which can be lasting. Clinicians keep courses short for safety.
Can it make me drowsy?
Yes. Avoid driving or operating machinery until you know how it affects you, and avoid alcohol.
Is it safe for children?
It is used cautiously and only when needed in younger people because they are more prone to movement side effects. A clinician decides.
What should I do if I get unusual muscle movements?
Stop and seek urgent medical advice, as these can signal a serious side effect.

Related conditions

Related medicines

See a doctor online now