What it is used for
- Depression
- Panic disorder
- Anxiety disorders
How it works
Citalopram increases the availability of serotonin in the brain by slowing its reabsorption into nerve cells, which is thought to help improve mood and reduce anxiety over several weeks.
How it is taken
Usually available as tablets and as oral drops/liquid. It is taken by mouth, normally once a day. Take it exactly as directed by your doctor or pharmacist and follow the label; the daily amount may be limited because of effects on heart rhythm, so do not exceed what is prescribed.
No doses here on purpose. The right strength and schedule depend on you — only a doctor or pharmacist should set them. Always follow your prescription and the label.
Common side effects
- Nausea
- Dry mouth
- Drowsiness or trouble sleeping
- Sweating
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Reduced appetite
- Sexual difficulties
- Tiredness
Serious effects — get help
- New or worsening suicidal thoughts, especially early on (seek urgent help)
- Irregular or fast heartbeat, fainting (possible heart-rhythm effect)
- Serotonin syndrome: agitation, fever, muscle twitching, confusion
- Severe allergic reaction
- Unusual bleeding
- Seizures
- Signs of low sodium: confusion, weakness
If a reaction is severe — for example trouble breathing, swelling of the face or throat, or collapse — go to the nearest emergency room now or call your local emergency number. Do not wait for an online consultation.
Interactions to watch
- MAOI antidepressants (must not be combined)
- Medicines that affect heart rhythm / prolong the QT interval
- Other serotonin-raising medicines (triptans, tramadol, St John's Wort)
- Blood thinners, aspirin and NSAIDs (bleeding risk)
- Alcohol
- Some antifungal and antibiotic medicines
Who should take care
- Citalopram can affect heart rhythm, so dose limits apply and caution is needed with heart conditions
- Tell your clinician if you are pregnant, planning pregnancy or breastfeeding
- Use with caution with liver or kidney problems, epilepsy or low potassium/magnesium
- Closer monitoring may be needed for people under 25
- Do not stop suddenly; taper under medical guidance