Colorectal cancer screening for average-risk adults commonly begins at 45 in several regions, though some national programmes start at 50. Screening typically continues until around 74 to 75, with decisions after that made individually based on health and life expectancy.
Screening options include stool-based tests (such as faecal immunochemical tests) done every year or two, or visual exams like colonoscopy every several years. A positive stool test usually leads to a colonoscopy. The right test depends on availability, preference, and risk.
Start earlier and screen more often if you have a personal or family history of colorectal cancer or polyps, inflammatory bowel disease, or certain inherited syndromes. Report symptoms like rectal bleeding, persistent change in bowel habits, or unexplained weight loss to a doctor promptly rather than waiting for routine screening.