Overview
Vaginal candidiasis is overgrowth of a yeast that naturally lives in the vagina, causing intense itching and a thick white discharge — it is not caught from toilets and not a sign of promiscuity, despite common misconceptions. It is easily treated, but frequent recurrences need a proper look, including a diabetes check.
Symptoms
- Intense vulval and vaginal itching
- Thick, white, curd-like discharge
- Soreness or burning, especially when urinating
- Redness and swelling of the vulva
- Discomfort during sex
Causes & risk factors
- Antibiotic courses disturbing the natural balance
- Pregnancy and hormonal changes
- Diabetes, especially when poorly controlled
- Tight, non-breathable underwear and prolonged dampness
- Douching and harsh "feminine washes" disturbing the flora
Treatment & self-care
Antifungal pessaries or creams — and sometimes a tablet — clear the infection; your pharmacist or doctor will guide the choice, with pregnancy-safe options available. Wear breathable cotton underwear, avoid douching and scented washes, and dry properly after bathing. Four or more episodes a year warrant testing for diabetes and a confirmed diagnosis rather than repeated guesswork.
See a doctor urgently if
- First episode, to confirm the diagnosis
- Symptoms not clearing after a full course of antifungal treatment
- Four or more episodes in a year
- Discharge with a strong fishy odour, fever or pelvic pain (likely a different cause)
- Symptoms in pregnancy