Overview
Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that form on or inside an ovary. Most are harmless, cause no symptoms, and often form and resolve on their own as part of the normal menstrual cycle. Some grow larger or cause pain, and rarely a cyst can twist or rupture, which is an emergency. Most cysts are not cancerous, though some need monitoring or assessment.
Symptoms
- Often no symptoms
- Pelvic pain or a dull ache, often on one side
- Bloating or pressure in the lower abdomen
- Pain during sex
- Feeling full quickly when eating
- Irregular periods
- Sudden, severe pelvic pain if a cyst ruptures or twists
Causes & risk factors
- Normal menstrual cycle (functional cysts)
- Hormonal changes
- Endometriosis
- Conditions such as PCOS
- Pregnancy
Treatment & self-care
A gynecologist will assess a cyst with imaging and, depending on its size, appearance, and your symptoms, may recommend simple monitoring over time or, less often, a procedure to remove it. Many cysts need no treatment and disappear on their own. A clinician will advise whether and how to follow up.
See a doctor urgently if
- You have sudden, severe, or sharp pelvic or abdominal pain
- Pain comes with fever or vomiting
- You feel faint, dizzy, or have a rapid pulse
- You have persistent bloating, pelvic pressure, or a feeling of fullness
- You have ongoing or worsening pelvic pain
This condition can be an emergency. If any of the signs above are severe or getting worse, go to the nearest emergency room now or call your local emergency number — do not wait for an online consultation.